Ukrainian Machine Gun - Why does the Ukrainian army use 100-year-old machine guns?
Ukrainian troops fought against the Russian invaders using a type of machine gun that entered service when Ukraine was part of the Russian Empire under the czar. The Maxim M1910 has a steamer aesthetic: it weighs 68 kg and has an armored shield on a typical two-wheeled base, so it can be towed behind a vehicle or maneuvered by a gun crew. The Russian media mocked these antiquities, saying that the Ukrainians used them because they did not have modern weapons. The truth is more complicated.
Ukrainian Machine Gun
As the name suggests, this weapon was released in 1910. It is a Russian-made version of the first truly automatic machine gun, patented by Hiram Maxim, an American-British inventor, in 1883. Gatling guns have in the past. Six required barrels. He started by hand. In the Maxim design, the recoil from the bullet is moved and loaded for the next round. Pressing the trigger fires a sequence of bullets. The water-cooled barrel allows it to continue firing for long periods of time. Variants of the Maxim rifle proved effective weapons of assassination and terror during the heyday of 19th-century imperialism, allowing small European armies to kill displaced people by the hundreds or thousands. Then he transformed the war between the countries of Europe itself.
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Modern medium machine guns, which fire the same 7.62mm ammunition as the M1910, are lighter and more portable - today's Russian PKM weighs less than a fifth. However, they lack cooling water. Continuous firing, even for a minute, can cause the barrel to deform, or the weapon to "loosen" when the bullet is fired without raising the saw.
In 2016, Ukraine's Defense Minister confirmed that he had authorized the release of several M1910s from government stockpiles (Maxim weapons are not standard issue, but are available upon request, as are some territorial defense units). A 2012 audit revealed that Ukraine had 35,000 weapons, all manufactured between 1920 and 1950.
Only a few M1910s were used after the Russian invasion in February, but they were known to be effective in fixed defensive positions and fortifications. In addition to water-cooling allowing for longer fire, their fixed mounts make aiming easier. A Ukrainian soldier interviewed in 2016 said the M1910 was very accurate at one kilometer, effective out to three kilometers, and he would not trade it for a more modern weapon. Some M1910s have even been modernized, with social media showing vintage machine guns with modern electronic "red dot" sights. The weapon is not officially in service with the rest of the military, although Russian-backed separatist militias in the Donbass region use it and have been deployed in conflict zones from Syria to Vietnam.
One element of Russian propaganda may be accurate: Ukraine's attempt to create its own copy of the modern Russian PKM in 2011 failed. Troops reported serious problems with the Mayak KM, as it was known, including an inability to engage targets less than 400 meters due to the device's line of sight. The head of the armed forces of the Ukrainian Armed Forces admitted in 2016 that the rifle still had problems, but the design had changed. There is still a small KM Beacon sign in service. Instead, Ukraine imported some foreign machine guns, and Ukrainian mechanics scavenge weapons from wrecked Russian vehicles to convert them into infantry weapons. And some troops still use the trusty M1910. Machine guns remain an important feature of infantry combat. Like the last century, the M1910 remains deadly.
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Correction (May 13, 2022): An earlier version of this article stated that the Maxim rifle used an expanding gas to power the action. In fact, it's a reversal, Zaporizhzhia District Territorial Defense soldiers are training in the use of M240 machine guns.
The defenders of Ukraine own small arms, which are served by the defense forces of various countries, which support our state in the fight against the Russian invaders.
"The Separate Territorial Defense Brigade of Zaporizhzhya conducts training on its use among units. The machine gun turned out to be a very good weapon, accurate, the bullets hit exactly where the soldiers aimed," the statement said.
The M240 was adopted by the US Army in 1977 and has undergone several modifications over the years.
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The basic version of the machine gun is equipped with light folding bipods in the gas reduction unit, a pistol grip with a trigger and a handle (wooden or plastic).
An open target is located on top of the receiver. The new mod is also capable of a picatinny rail. This makes it possible to place all optical and night sights with their respective mounts.
Machine gun barrels can be quickly changed. A carrying handle is also installed, which is used to replace the hot barrel, with a firearm and a front sight on a high base.
The machine is fed by a metal bar (usually loose). The gas reduction unit is located at the bottom of the barrel. It is equipped with a gas regulator that controls the rate of fire and adapts to external conditions.
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Territorial Defense Soldier of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. May 2022. Photo credit: Territorial Defense Command
In addition, more than 700 territorial community volunteer formations were created. Territorial defense is equipped not only with Ukrainian weapons, but also with Western models, Ukrainian military machine guns near the front line in the east of the country. (file photo)
Ukraine says recent clashes with Russian-backed separatists in the country's east have killed one soldier, bringing the number of Ukrainian soldiers killed to four this week.
The Defense Ministry said on June 6 that another Ukrainian soldier was wounded fighting separatists who opened fire with assault rifles, sniper rifles and grenade launchers, violating the ceasefire 14 times in 24 hours.
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A day earlier, the Ministry of Defense announced that three Ukrainian soldiers and one separatist were killed in the battle.
Since April 2014, around 13,000 people have been killed in fighting between Kiev forces and separatists who control parts of Donetsk and Luhansk.
Ceasefire agreements announced as part of the Minsk agreements - pacts of September 2014 and February 2015 aimed at ending the conflict - helped reduce the fighting but failed to sustain it.
A new cease-fire agreement was reached on March 8, but both sides accuse each other of violating it again.
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2 / 5 Show Caption + Hide Caption - Yavoriv, Ukraine - Soldiers from the 6th Squadron, 8th Cavalry Regiment, 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division observe Ukrainian soldiers as they fire AK-47s (automatic Kalashnikova) during the engine. Rifle training, August 8, 20... (Photo credit: USA) VIEW ORIGINAL
3 / 5 Show Caption + Hide Caption – YAVORIV, Ukraine - Spc. Tavish Reese, a scout with the 6th Company, 8th Cavalry Regiment, 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division, instructs Ukrainian soldiers to maintain proper stance while firing an AK-47 (Av.. (Photo: USA) See the original
4 / 5 Show Caption + Hide Caption – YAVORIV, Ukraine - Spc. Jonathan Ramos, a scout with the 6th Squadron, 8th Cavalry Regiment, 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division adjusts the sights on a Ukrainian soldier's AK-47 during machine gun training, au... ( Photo: USA) see the original
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5 / 5 Show caption + Hide caption - Yavoriv, Ukraine - Soldiers from the 6th Squadron, 8th Cavalry Regiment, 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division check a Ukrainian soldier's machine gun after live fire during machine gun training, 8 August, 2016. Mustang Soldier insti... (Photo: USA) View original
The Infantry Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division conducts machine gun training with Ukrainian soldiers of the 1st Battalion, 93rd Mech.
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